Bernard Stollman, the founder of the ESP Disk' record label, died yesterday, April 19. According to an announcement on the label’s Facebook page, Stollman had been battling colon cancer that had spread to his spine; he had also recently suffered from pneumonia and low blood oxygen. Stollman was 85. The place of death was not reported. 

ESP Disk' was founded in 1964 and from the start its policy—quite rare at the time—was to give all artists complete freedom to release their music as they saw fit. ESP Disk' released copious amounts of avant-garde jazz as well as folk music, underground rock and other genres of music not considered commercial. Among the artists who recorded for ESP Disk' were the Fugs, Pearls Before Swine, the Godz and the Holy Modal Rounders. In the jazz realm, the roster included recordings by Albert Ayler, Ornette Coleman, Pharoah Sanders, Bud Powell, Sun Ra, Paul Bley, Henry Grimes, Gato Barbieri, Sonny Simmons, Steve Lacy and many more. In 2003, pianist Ellis Marsalis released a solo album on the label. Poet Allen Ginsberg, writer William S. Burroughs, LSD promoter Timothy Leary, pre-punk rocker Jayne County and mass murderer Charles Manson also feature within the label’s sizable discography, as do many artists who were, and remain, obscure.

Bernard Stollman was born July 19, 1929, in New Brunswick, N.J. He attended Columbia Law School and became an attorney, and in 1960 he worked as an intern for the estates of Billie Holiday and Charlie Parker. He originally launched ESP Disk' with a recording he made himself promoting the “constructed language” Esperanto, hence the label’s name. He then decided to expand it with releases of experimental and other non-commercial music. Stollman folded the label in 1974 due to lack of sales and eventually worked as a New York State Assistant Attorney General; he reactivated the label in 2005. Much of the ESP Disk' catalog remains in print today.