Avant-Garde Jazz

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Avant Garde jazz is rooted in the so called 'free jazz' of the late 50s and 60s. In 1958 Ornette Coleman shocked the jazz world when he released 'Something Else!'. Although rooted in be-bop, Ornette's music eschewed standard harmonic changes and gave soloists freedom to pursue chromatic melodic excursions based on intuition and improvised interaction with the other musicians. Meanwhile John Coltrane began to leave off the standard bop chord changes in his music and began to pursue lengthy improvisations based on modal drones that gave soloists much more freedom. As the years passed and Coltrane's band changed membership, the background provided by his rhythm section became more and more free and cacophonous as well.

Although Coleman and Coltrane introduced more freedom to jazz, essentially their music remained rooted in swing and bop in that their melodic phrases, no matter how atonal, still 'swung' in the traditional sense of the word. Soon a new generation of jazz virtuosos such as Cecil Taylor, Archie Shepp and Pharoh Sanders would take jazz into even further abstractions and noise levels creating music that was all about emotive expressionism, not entertainment.

Although it never totally dissapeared, free jazz faded to the background when fusion came along with its amplified guitars and Fender Rhodes pianos. Ironically enough, Miles Davis, who was always critical of the free players, seemed to adopt much of their expressionism when his brand of fusion became increasingly abstract and aggressive culminating in the beautifully harsh and intense 'Live at Fillmore'.

One avant-garde jazz musician who always charted his own course outside of the free movement and ahead of Ornette Coleman's innovations was Sun Ra. Possibly one of the most creative jazz musician ever, Ra condemned the free players saying there was no freedom in his band, only the Ra jail. After the demise of the free movement, Sun Ra's vision of avant-garde jazz; in which composition played a large role along side improvisation, became an inspiration to a new wave of avant-garde jazz musicians.

The avant-garde genre at JMA is dedicated to avant-garde jazz musicians only, and not to the larger world of avant-garde rock and composition. Although the differences may be subtle, avant jazz often differs from other forms of avant-garde music in the use of jazz's characteristic syncopated rhythms and the make-up of the instrumental ensembles which often reflect jazz's past traditions.

avant-garde jazz top albums

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ERIC DOLPHY 'Out to Lunch!' Album Cover 'Out to Lunch!'
ERIC DOLPHY
4.88 | 35 ratings
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SUN RA Atlantis Album Cover Atlantis
SUN RA
4.76 | 12 ratings
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4.88 | 3 ratings
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ORNETTE COLEMAN The Shape of Jazz to Come Album Cover The Shape of Jazz to Come
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4.62 | 17 ratings
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avant-garde jazz Music Reviews

LOTTE ANKER Birthmark

Album · 2013 · Avant-Garde Jazz
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snobb
We are living in a time when experimental jazz musicians are not daily news stars (as if there ever was such time). On a different planet, Danish sax player Lotte Anker would be such a star.

Classically trained as a pianist in her teens, Lotte switched to jazz reeds later, and in her jazz-friendly homeland played with such great jazz musicians as former Miles Davis drummer US-born and Denmark living Marilyn Mazur, American pianist Marilyn Crispell and then still unknown Niels-Petter Molvaer. After her meeting with "new NY avant-garde jazz" representative sax player Tim Berne at one of the festivals, she started a long lasting collaboration with his band's musicians, pianist Craig Taborn and drummer Gerald Cleaver, forming with them The Lotte Anker Trio. With this trio she recorded some of her most successful and best known albums, mixing her Scandinavian relaxed and airy saxophone sound with quite energetic NY downtown pulsations and freedom (learning a lot from Tim Berne and actually exchanging with him in what could be his trio).

Surprisingly, "Birthmark" features her other trio. This time she plays with two relatively unknown Portuguese musicians, bassist Hernâni Faustino and pianist Rodrigo Pinheiro, instead of Taborn/Cleaver and it works! Hernâni Faustino and Rodrigo Pinheiro are both the bigger half of the young, but quite successful Portuguese Red Trio (their two albums got a lot of positive press around Europe). It's interesting that in the new trio, Lotte herself is the NY loft sound generator, perfectly balanced with the European free traditions represented by the bassist and pianist.

The music on this album is quite relaxed, but has its nerve, very free form but melodic, often even lyrical, philosophical but without being boring. It is a unique mix of Don Cherry Christiania-based music (without world fusion elements though), Tim Berne-like modern New York avant-garde jazz and European classic avant-garde traditions. And most importantly - all three musicians have that magic chemistry which separates great music from just good music, and it's a rare thing.

Recorded and released in Portugal, this album has one more strong side - it isn't too long and contains no fillers. With my full respect and even love for one of the most successful of European young labels, Clean Feed Records has one serious problem - musical material editing. Many of their releases would be much, much better with even small additional cutting of unimportant or openly boring parts, making final albums not 79:56 min overloaded releases for crazy collectors, but well produced concentrated music products for casual listeners. "Birthmark" is quite a rare and successful exception - one more reason to have this album in your collection.

BERNARD VITET La Guêpe

Album · 1972 · Avant-Garde Jazz
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DamoXt7942
Contrary to beautiful phrases, drenched in dangerous flavour with risky shots. The first breaking shot (ah suitable to call as a breaking one) "Et Cetera" is the navigator of Zeuhlish avantgarde mission for us listeners. Superior piano theatre can make this short story finer and more gracious. Anyway, this is only a prologue for a complete madness of life.

The following part "Balle De Fusil Pt. 1 / Hymenoptere" notifies us that the curtain of a trippy fantasia opens, along with aggressive and crazy string dances. As though we would get upon a pink Cadillac, sticky female voices and indescribable beautiful shout (or meaningless original language?) show us scape of psychedelic harmony. Sounds like her voices would get dressed with many pieces of instrumental soundscape ... no scatter nor distortion can be found, amazingly. We should be blown down just upon this moment at first. The next "Trolley Gresilleur" is another wall of sound, flooded with deep horns, an active xylophone, and freaky killa voices. Wonder why we get crazy so easily but no difficulty here. Yes because they get crazy completely, that's the reason, simply. On the other hand, enthusiasm we can get definitely via this craziness ... oh fascinating.

"La Guepe Et Le Fruit", a real avantgarde jazz dreamland, is percussive and funky tribal ceremony. The light-touched percussion is not deep nor rhythmical, but obscure power in it can push us into another dimension. Enough is enough, for colourful experiments in a magical stuff "Toujour Fourree Dans La Nectarotheque", regardless of their simple formation and musical construction. In the last "Balle De Fusil Pt. 2", our freakout spiritual uplift has got higher and higher. Let me say this "La Guepe" is an authentic collection and splendid pioneer of experimental jazz. Surely they drive us mad, through their enthusiasm. Recommended.

ANTHONY BRAXTON New York, Fall 1974

Album · 1975 · Avant-Garde Jazz
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js
Any good review of an Anthony Braxton album should begin with a diatribe about how under appreciated and under-rated he is, and this review will be no different. After the passing of the Coltrane/Dolphy generation, Braxton should have been next in line for “jazz legend” due to his abilities as both a composer and performer, but people were put off by his preppy collegiate appearance, and his oblique song titles and presentations that didn’t fit the mainstream or the ‘in crowd’ of the avant-garde either. Unfairly, Braxton was labeled as overly intellectual, and his music was considered cold and academic. Certainly there is a very intellectual side to Braxton’s music, and he can easily work in contemporary concert hall mediums, but there can also be a lot of humor in his music, as well as deep down to earth blues roots. From crazy bar room gig to Stockhausen, its all here.

“New York/Fall 1974” was a fairly high profile album for Anthony in that he would be given bigger distribution than usual for an avant-garde jazzist. His career was on a bit of a roll at this time and he was releasing very creative albums that baffled everyone with their song titles that featured odd geometric diagrams, hence all the tracks on here are referred to by their track numbers. Side one consists of three very bizarre hard bop numbers, with the first being the best with its crazy repetitive melody and high energy free middle section. All of these tunes sound like nobody else, with latter period Eric Dolphy being one possible reference.

Side two gets more into Braxton’s ‘concert hall’ approach. The first track is an excellent duet with Richard Teitelbaum who plays an old analog synthesizer. Before synthesizers became commercially viable and tunable, they were magical bundles of barely controllable oscillators and filters that were used for some very creative sounds by certain experimental composers. This track captures a rare period in experimental music that is hard to re-create anymore. The following track presents one of the first avant-garde saxophone quartets, an idea that would grow in popularity until there would be many successful modern saxophone quartets all over the globe. This track gets into repetitive notes that recall Xennakis’ stochastic music.

The variety of music on here would be hard for anyone else to duplicate. On the first side Braxtion plays feirce alto sax like the second coming of Eric Dolphy, and on the second side we get successful concert hall electronics and a saxophone quartet with a lasting influence on the history of jazz. The members of the quartet that Anthony assembled on here; Hemphill, Lake and Bluiett, would all go on to play in other high profile quartets formed after the release of this album.

SONNY SIMMONS The Cosmosamatics

Album · 2001 · Avant-Garde Jazz
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snobb
In the mid 60s to early 70s, West Coast reeds player Sonny Simmons was a significant figure in the free jazz movement, mostly as a collaborator ("Conversations" and "Iron Man" with Eric Dolphy, "The Cry!" and "Firebirds!" with Prince Lasha), but he also released some successful solo albums as well. Influenced by Eric Dolphy's freeish bop, his music was an attractive mix of composed blues, bop roots and free improvisational elements. After the mid 70s he disappeared from the jazz world for two decades (playing just on the street by some sources).

After his return in the mid 90s, he became even more active with lots of gigs and recordings, plus what is more important - searching for new ways in music.

In 2001 Sonny founded a new project, The Cosmosamatics, with his old collaborator, reeds player Michael Marcus. On their project's first album, recorded for US Boxholder, besides those two, the line-up includeded such stars as bass sax player James Carter, bassist William Parker and drummer Jay Rosen. Supported on one composition by Karen Borca on bassoon and Samir Chatterjee on tablas, the band plays high energy and very modern sounding complex but accessible free jazz mixed with world music elements. It's really impressive how Sonny, in his late 60s, fearlessly steps on a new track. Five solid compositions are less bop-rooted than his music from the early 70s, but are more full-bodied, heavy-energy and well balanced.

This is a great example of the missing link between Eric Dolphy and the new millenium's free jazz, The Cosmosamatics became a long lasting project (with the only two constant members being Simmons and Marcus, plus some high level collaborators such as drummer Andrew Cyrille),which after three albums on Boxholder, made a successful move to the European market with lots of concerts and a series of albums on Central and Southern European labels (Italian Soul Note, French Bleu Regard and Polish Not Two). It's interesting that later project releases in Europe are tagged as "The Cosmosamatics", without any mention of the band members on the album covers and cover art, usually looking like a modern indie or art-pop band release.

RARA AVIS Mutations / Multicellulars Mutations

Album · 2013 · Avant-Garde Jazz
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js
Free jazz, once considered an anachronism from the late 60s, has managed to maintain its devotees over the years and has even increased its popularity in the new century so much that just like any previous genre of jazz, from Dixieland to hard bop, free jazz has found its permanent place in the “big tent“ world of modern jazz. Unfortunately, this increase in popularity has also brought about a decrease in originality and musicality as well. Too often, in today’s jazz world, free jazz and other avant-garde styles are synonymous with amateur performances and naïve attempts at originality from those who lack background. There was a time when the label “avant-garde” would immediately grab my interest, these days I’m more apt to see the label as a warning towards impending boredom.

Having said all that, hearing the new double CD by Rara Avis, “Mutations/Multicellulars Mutations”, restored my faith in the viability of modern free jazz when placed in the hands of those who know how to make this stuff work. Rara Avis is a new project led by the saxophone duo of Ken Vandermark and Stefano Ferrian, aided by Luca Pissavini on acoustic bass, Simon Quatrana on piano and SEC_ on electronics plus live electronic treatments of the acoustic instruments. The use of electronics on here is very nice and adds so much variety to their sound. On “Gene Flow”, the woodwinds hold long notes so that the electrician can bend and change the notes causing their sounds to bounce around the speakers.

The music on here varies from very busy all-out free assaults, to quieter moments that allow the electronics to twist things. One big plus on here is the playing itself, these guys are all top notch jazz musicians, and it shows in the constant stream of notes they unleash when they decide to go that route. The variety of improvisations on here may remind some of Art Ensemble of Chicago, Threadgill’s Air or Circle, while the use of electronics recalls the exotic days of 60s concert hall music when composers like Davidovsky and Teitlebaum would write pieces for computer controlled synthesizers and acoustic instruments. This album is far better than any other free jazz record I have heard in a long time.

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